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"Percent" means "per hundred". Almost every Profit & Loss, Interest and Data Interpretation question is a percentage question in disguise — master the conversions and shortcuts here and those chapters get much easier.
Memorising this table lets you calculate percentages mentally instead of on paper.
| Fraction | Percentage |
|---|---|
| 1/2 | 50% |
| 1/3 | 33.33% |
| 1/4 | 25% |
| 1/5 | 20% |
| 1/6 | 16.67% |
| 1/8 | 12.5% |
| 1/10 | 10% |
| 1/20 | 5% |
If a value increases by a% then decreases by b%, the net change is: a + b + (a×b)/100 (use negative sign for a decrease).
UdaanPath's annual course bundle is priced at ₹2,000. It's increased by 20% ahead of exam season, then a festive offer brings it down by 10%. What's the net change from the original price?
Net = 20 − 10 + (20 × −10)/100 = 10 − 2 = 8% increase.
In an UdaanPath free mock test, a student scored 45 out of 60. What percentage is this?
(45/60) × 100 = 75%.
UdaanPath's yearly course bundle is priced at ₹2,500. It is increased by 12% for the next batch. What is the new price?
New price = 2500 × 1.12 = ₹2,800.
Don't just add/subtract two percentage changes directly (e.g. treating +20% then −10% as simply +10%) — the successive-change formula above accounts for the change applying to a new base value each time.
1. Convert 1/8 to a percentage.
2. UdaanPath's course bundle price is increased by 10% and then decreased by 10%. What is the net change?
3. A student scored 54 out of 90 in an UdaanPath mock test. What percentage is this?
4. 45 is what percent of 180?